Effect to crop rotation and fertilization system in yield and technological quality in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.)

Abstract

he quality of sugar beet roots is estimated by the concentrations of K, Na and α-amino nitrogen in cell fluid since sucrose content in the cell vacuole is the result of a balance of other active osmotic compounds (K and Na ions). Along with the increasing dose of organomineral fertilizers, sugar losses in molasses increase, the thin juice purity decreases, and, accordingly, white sugar yield decreases. Therefore, the optimal dose of fertilizers within the organomineral fertilization system on the typical leached chernozem (in the zone of sufficient soil moisture) was 40 t/ha of cattle manure + N 90 P 110 K 130 , which provides sugar yield of 6.37, 6.32, and 6.48 t/ha. Analysis of sugar yield per hectare under the conditions of insufficient soil moisture shows the importance of the right decision on short crop rotation. Thus, the highest sugar yield (5.73 t/ha) was observed in the grain – grass – hoed crop rotation against the background of 25 t/ha of cattle manure + N 90 P 120 K 90 . However, increased fertilizer doses, 25 t/ha of cattle manure + N 135 P 180 K 135 , causes a reduction in sugar yield and is not efficient in terms of additional input.