DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGY FOR THE HEMP STALKS PREPARATION

Abstract

Getting high-quality trusts in modern technology for growing technical hemp is one of the most labor-intensive processes. The main factors that cause loss of quality of hemp are determined by the level of perfection of the harvesting stage of the production process. It is precisely at this stage that the basic processes of product quality management are concentrated, the main physical and technological losses are taking place. The main drawbacks of the known methods of obtaining the trusts of technical hemp include the dependence of the process of forming its qualitative indicators on weather conditions, the unevenness of the separation and strength of the fiber on the entire mass of the sent layer, the length of the technological process, which determines the quantitative loss of production. The article presents the results of research on the development of resource-saving technology for the production of technical hemp trusts due to the addition of an outlet with improved water drains with reeds and finger-wheels and the direct effect of their constructive parameters on the quality indicators of the trust. The technology is carried out thanks to the developed unit, whose work involves operations: raking the stems with a decrease in the width of the roll by a wheel rake; rolling of the stalks by the modernized corrugated rolls with tearing off from the soil of the stalks; loosening the tape with finger wheels. It is established that an

increase in the number of mechanical effects on the hemp strap tape leads to a corresponding decrease in its mass and height. As a result of three consecutive rolling’s, the height of the windrow decreases by 66%, and the weight, respectively, by 37%. Loosening reduces to 2.1 kg per linear meter weight of the roll, which is about 55% of the initial level. Under such conditions, the prerequisites for the use of the roll technology of assembly of hemp trusts have been created, which makes it possible to effectively use balers when harvesting the stems of not only seed (wide-row) crops, but also green grass ones. Techniques for obtaining a hedge trustee make it possible to reduce the time of process implementation at the initial stages of its preparation for primary processing, intensifies the process of purification due to the additional mechanical drive with improved aggregates. The short fiber obtained from the hemp trust for the technology developed meets the existing requirements.