CULTIVATION OF CARP IN PONDS

Abstract

The results of studies on increasing the volume of carp production under conditions of intensification, the main elements of which are forage and feeding, are presented. Modern conditions attach importance to the quality indicators of raw materials used to obtain food products. That is why the general improvement of ecological conditions of production in combination with the application of ecologically pure forages will ensure reception of marketable production at the level of modern world requirements concerning its quality, which will provide the domestic and world market with products without restrictions. One of the most promising objects of cultivation at this stage of fish farming is carp fish. As confirmed by studies, the cultivation of commercial two-year-old carp in ponds weighing 450-500 g in high stocking densities without intensive feeding is almost impossible, because, with an increase in the fish stocking density per unit of water area, the natural food base is quickly consumed, the lack of which should be replenished by feeding full-fledged feed mixtures or compound feeds, and the amount of feed replenishment will depend on the content of natural food in the ponds and the fish stocking density per unit area. The food activity of fish mainly

depends on the temperature of the water and the content of dissolved oxygen in it, and the amount of food consumed depends on the weight of the fish. At water temperatures of 8 - 10 ° C, the digestive activity is gradually activated, physiological and biochemical processes are normalized; at temperatures of 10-14 ° C, carp get used to the forage, but its digestion is still weakened; at temperatures of 15 - 20 ° C and above, all body systems are restored, it can consume and digest the maximum amount of food, needs regular feeding of fish; water temperatures of 22 - 27 ° C are optimal for nutrition, digestion, and assimilation of nutrients, which has a positive effect on the intensity of the fish's body weight gain. To increase the fish productivity of ponds, it is necessary to rationally apply organic and mineral fertilizers to increase the natural feed for fish and to increase the yield of fish products to grow in polyculture with carp herbivorous fish. It is rational to use artificial feed depending on the season, chemical and biological regime of ponds, and physiological needs of fish.